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12

2019-04

Uses and common preparation methods of nitrogen

First, the nature of nitrogen Nitrogen, under normal conditions, is a colorless, tasteless, odorless gas and is usually non-toxic. Nitrogen accounts for 78.12% of the total atmosphere (volume fraction). At normal temperature, it is a gas. At standard atmospheric pressure, it becomes a colorless liquid when it is cooled to -195.8℃. When it is cooled to -209.86℃, liquid nitrogen becomes a snow-like solid. Usage: chemical synthesis (synthetic nylon, acrylic fiber, synthetic resin, synthetic rubber and other important raw materials), automobile tires (nitrogen can effectively reduce the noise of tires, prolong the service life of tires). Because nitrogen is chemically inert, it is often used as a protective gas, such as melon, fruit, food, and light bulb filling gas. Two, the use of nitrogen Nitrogen in metallurgy, chemical industry, light industry, electronics and other departments, as feedstock gas, protective gas, replacement gas and sealing gas. Liquid nitrogen products are also widely used in food frozen, vegetables and fruits preservation. It is also widely used in agriculture and animal husbandry, such as insecticidal grain storage, frozen storage of semen of superior livestock, etc. Is the constituent of proteins in plants and animals. With the progress of science and technology and the development of economy, the application scope of nitrogen is expanding day by day. Take advantage of the inertia of nitrogen Metal thermal processing: bright quenching, bright annealing, carburizing, carbonitriding, soft nitriding and other nitrogen based atmosphere heat treatment of nitrogen source, welding and powder metallurgy burning process protection gas, etc. Metallurgical industry: continuous casting, continuous rolling, steel annealing protective atmosphere, BOF top compound blowing nitrogen steelmaking, steelmaking BOF seal, BF top seal, BF ironmaking pulverized coal injection and other processes. Using cryogenic liquid nitrogen Electronic industry: large-scale integrated circuit, color TV picture tube, TV and recorder components and conductor production process protection, etc. Food preservation: food, fruit (fruit), vegetables and other air conditioning storage and preservation, meat, cheese, mustard, tea and coffee, such as fresh packaging, jam, such as nitrogen oxygenation preservation, various bottles of wine purification and covering, etc. Pharmaceutical industry: Chinese medicine (ginseng) nitrogen filling storage and preservation, western medicine injection nitrogen filling, storage tank and container nitrogen filling oxygen, drug pneumatic transmission of air source, etc. Chemical industry: replacement, cleaning, sealing, leak detection and protection of gas, dry quenching, catalyst regeneration, petroleum fractionation, chemical fiber production, etc. Fertilizer industry: raw material of nitrogen fertilizer. Catalyst protection copy, washing gas, etc. Plastics industry: pneumatic transmission of plastic particles, plastic production and storage oxidation prevention. Rubber industry: rubber packaging and storage, tire production, etc. Glass industry: Protective gas for float glass production process. Petroleum industry: nitrogen filling and purification of storage, containers, catalytic towers and pipelines, pressure leak detection of management systems, etc. Offshore oil development: gas covering of offshore oil platforms, nitrogen injection for oil recovery, tank and container inerting, etc. Lump storage: to prevent cellar, barn and other warehouse combustible dust ignition and explosion, etc. Shipping: oil tanker cleaning gas, etc. Aerospace technology: rocket fuel booster, launch pad replacement gas and safety protection gas, astronaut control gas, space simulation room, aircraft fuel pipeline cleaning gas, etc. Other: paint and coating nitrogen oxygenation to prevent the polymerization of oil drying, oil and natural gas storage tanks and containers nitrogen oxygenation, etc. Using cryogenic liquid nitrogen Hypothermia medicine: surgical hypothermia, cryotherapy, blood refrigeration, drug freezing and cryopatter, etc. Biomedicine: cryopreservation and transportation of precious plants, plant cells, genetic germplasm, etc.

12

2019-04

Some industrial applications of nitrogen

In the process of industrial production, toxic and harmful, volatile, flammable and explosive materials need to be protected by inert gases. Nitrogen, as one of the inert gases, has a rich gas source, with a content of 79% in the air, and has been increasingly widely used in production. At present, the single making device is widely used in safety protection gas, replacement gas, nitrogen injection three times oil recovery, coal mine fire prevention and fire fighting, nitrogen based atmosphere heat treatment, anti-corrosion and explosion-proof, electronic industry, integrated circuit, etc. Carbon molecular sieves and zeolite molecular sieves are used more in the field of nitrogen production. The separation of oxygen and nitrogen by molecular sieve is mainly based on the different diffusion rates of the two gases on the surface of molecular sieve. Carbon molecular sieve is a carbon-based adsorbent with some characteristics of activated carbon and molecular sieve. Carbon molecular sieves are composed of very small pores. The smaller diameter gas diffuses faster and enters the solid phase of the molecular sieve, so that the nitrogen enrichment component can be obtained in the gas phase. Molecular sieve nitrogen is air as raw material, with carbon molecular sieve as adsorbent, using the principle of pressure change adsorption, the use of carbon molecular sieve on oxygen and nitrogen selective adsorption and separation of nitrogen and oxygen method, commonly known as PSA nitrogen device. As adsorbent for different gases in the adsorption capacity and adsorption speed, adsorption and other differences, as well as the adsorbent adsorption capacity varies with pressure change, therefore the PSA nitrogen making device can be finished in a pressurized conditions of mixed gas adsorption separation process, reduce pressure desorption adsorption by the impurity components, so as to realize the recycling of gas separation and adsorbent. In some emerging material industry, electronic industry, integrated circuit, beer beverage and other inert gas applications are also constantly expanding new application fields. For example, the new PSA nitrogen production device has been used for inert protection of mobile phone lithium battery production, nitrogen packaging for beer and beverage, nitrogen dehydration and drying in organosilicone production, and nitrogen packaging for snack food instead of air and deoxidizer. The application of nitrogen makes the products of these enterprises in the process technology, product quality has been improved, to win the core competitiveness.

12

2019-04

Gas separation equipment: localization is still the top priority

The new normal will be the main theme of the 13th Five-Year Plan period. From the perspective of the various fields of gas separation equipment application, after the 12th five-year development, petroleum, chemical, fertilizer, metallurgy, building materials, machinery and other fields, and photovoltaic industry, electronic industry, production capacity has reached the high level, further improve the possibility of smaller, this will make "much starker choices-and graver consequences-in" during the application of gas separation equipment in these areas is greatly reduced. But at the same time, China's GDP will maintain a growth rate of 6.5% ~ 7%, gas separation equipment industry will still have a certain development. In addition, market-oriented reform and the implementation of "going out" strategy are also expected to further stimulate the vitality of gas separation equipment. At present, the gas separation equipment manufacturing industry has formed the following development ideas: in the "13th Five-Year" period, continue to promote the localization of super large air separation equipment, and realize the localization of supporting key components on the basis of fully mastering the complete set of integration technology. Products to high quality, better performance, technology integration direction development. Substantive progress has been made in the application research of special gases, high purity gases and rare gases. Promote the research of cryogenic engineering and petrochemical related products, especially natural gas and coalbed methane. Establish a large experimental research platform in the field of air separation and low temperature, and carry out research on the mechanism of air separation. It can be seen that localization is still the top priority in the development of gas separation equipment manufacturing industry in the "13th Five Year Plan". Gas separation equipment industry should also accelerate the transformation from traditional manufacturing industry to manufacturing service industry. First, air separation equipment industry as the main body extends to both ends, the upstream focuses on the development of complete engineering service business, the downstream focuses on the development of industrial gas business, to strengthen the application research of industrial gas; Second, "expand the horizontal", while developing complete sets of air separation equipment and key supporting units business, take into account the horizontal development of petrochemical low-temperature related industries and characteristic products with competitive advantages; Third, while maintaining the domestic market share to open up the international market.

12

2019-04

Must the dryer be installed behind the air compressor?

Must the dryer be installed in the air compressor post-treatment equipment? The answer is yes, if your enterprise is useful to the air compressor, you must know that the air compressor must be installed after the dryer. After the air compressor, the air storage tank, filter and dryer and other purification equipment need to be installed. It is well known that when the air around us is compressed, the amount of water molecules per unit volume rises dramatically. The compression process results in air containing not only liquid water, oil, and particulate matter, but also large amounts of saturated water molecules. Once the external temperature drops, the saturated water molecules are affected by the low temperature and precipitate liquid water. The lower the temperature, the more liquid water precipitates. When the temperature drops to zero, the liquid water condenses into ice, resulting in ice blockage. And the compressed air containing too much water molecules will also affect the normal operation of the equipment, corrosion of machinery and equipment, causing damage to pneumatic components and so on. Some people may ask, to remove the water molecules in compressed air, you can directly use a filter to remove it, why buy a large price dryer? Why is that? This is because the filter can only remove liquid water in the compressed air, but the water molecules in the compressed air will continue to precipitate liquid water with the lower the temperature. In addition to liquid water, the water molecules in the compressed air will also affect the life of machinery and equipment and the production process of enterprises. Purchase dryer, can dry the water molecules in the compressed air, so that the compressed air can meet the gas standards of the enterprise, so as to meet the production needs of the enterprise. Investment in air compressor post-treatment equipment dryer return is very high, it effectively reduces the water molecules in the air, avoids the damage of machinery and equipment and gas equipment, can improve the production process of enterprises, reduce the product defect rate, and ensure the final product quality.

12

2019-04

Cause analysis of failure of cold and dry machine

Person just as its name implies is used for cooling equipment of the object, the application range is wide, often can be seen generally is used as part of the high pressure compressor, in the usual application and operation process, we will inevitably encounter some person malfunction, next we common several kind of problem for your answer. 1. What is the reason for the high exhaust temperature of the cold and dry machine? 1. The inlet temperature of the compressed air in the high pressure compressor is too high or the flow rate is too large. 2. The change of the working condition of the refrigeration system causes the rise of the refrigerant evaporation temperature, so that the compressed air is not cooled enough in the evaporator. 3. The heat dissipation of the outer wall of the precooler pipeline is too large. Two. What is the reason for the low temperature of the cold and dry machine? 1. The heat exchange area of the precooler is not enough and the refrigerating capacity of the evaporator is surplus. 2. The inlet temperature of compressed air in the high pressure compressor is low or the flow rate is too small. 3, the refrigeration system working conditions change, so that the refrigerant evaporation pressure is lower than the normal value. Three, the amount of refrigerant perfusion on the cold and dry machine what effect? 1, the refrigerant perfusion is too little, the cold and dry opportunity to appear the following phenomena: (1) evaporation pressure, cold pressure are lower than normal operation, but the air dew point is not down. (2) the compressor shell is hot. 2, refrigerant perfusion is too much, cold dry opportunity: (1) because the refrigerant liquid is deposited in the cold suspect, the cold suspect area is reduced, the cold suspect pressure is increased, and the high pressure trip is caused in serious cases. (2) Refrigeration compressor load increase. Difficult start-up. (3) the refrigerant in the evaporator is not fully vaporized, so that wet steam into the compressor, there is a risk of "liquid compression". (4) due to the rise of cold pressure, the cooling capacity of the high pressure compressor is reduced, and the air dew point rises. The above is the related problems of the cold and dry machine in the high pressure compressor. After we understand the problem, we should pay more attention to this problem in normal use, so that the use of the machine is more efficient.

12

2019-04

Reasons affecting the working efficiency of freeze dryer

Freeze drying machine can freeze material in a very short time, for some special factory or merchants box is an important equipment, ordinary working principle of the freeze dryer is very simple, namely heat transfer, but there are many factors that can affect heat and quality transmission, they will affect the transfer efficiency to a certain extent, which affects the efficiency of the frozen. 1. Morphology and composition of materials According to the form of freeze-dried materials, they are usually divided into solid and liquid. The form of solid and the concentration of liquid have great influence on the freeze-drying rate. 2. Pre-freezing rate The size of the crystals formed during freezing greatly affects the rate of drying and the rate of dissolution of the dried product. The differences between quick freezing and slow freezing are as follows: quick freezing produces smaller ice crystals, while slow freezing produces larger ice crystals. Large ice crystals are favorable for sublimation, while small ice crystals are unfavorable for sublimation. Rapid freezing leads to low sublimation rate and fast desorption rate. Slow freezing results in fast sublimation rate and slow resolution rate. 3. Pressure in drying chamber The level of pressure in the drying chamber of ordinary freeze dryer affects the rate of heat transfer and mass transfer. In terms of mass transfer, the lower the pressure, the better, while for heat transfer, the higher the pressure, the better. The mass transfer rate is mainly determined by the temperature and pressure of the sublimation interface and the dry layer surface. To increase the water vapor escape rate in the dry layer, firstly, the temperature of the sublimation interface should be raised to increase the water vapor pressure at the interface. The second is to improve the vacuum degree of the drying chamber and reduce the steam pressure on the surface of the drying layer. 4. Heat transfer mode According to the traditional classification can be divided into: conduction, convection, thermal radiation and medium heating (microwave heating). Since the process of sublimation drying involves the transfer of heat and mass (water vapor), the drying rate is greatly affected by which heat transfer method is adopted to transfer heat more effectively to the material. 5, the load When materials are lyophilized, there is a certain ratio of surface area to material thickness after they are divided into containers, that is, lyophilized is related to the loading volume. Small surface area and thickness are favorable for water sublimation, easy freeze-drying and good quality. When drying, the wet heavy load of drying on the unit area tray is an important factor to determine the drying time. In general, the thinner the thickness of material accumulation, the faster the heat and mass transfer speed, and the shorter the drying time. However, thin material thickness leads to less drying material per batch per unit freeze-dried area, which is unfavorable to increase the output per unit freeze-dried area and per unit time.

12

2019-04

Precision filters still have a lot of room for development

The advantage of precision filters is that they can more effectively remove impurities in the liquid. In today's market, the construction of direct drinking water is constantly opening up and developing. Direct drinking water has great potential, which depends on various types of precision filters. To distinguish a concept, precision filters are not only used in industrial production, medicine and food, but also play an important role in drinking water in daily life. Filter water through the precision filter is also the core component of some water filters, not only can block the impurities in the water, including particulate matter, suspended matter, but also can block some impurities in the air, and some other automatic cleaning components together, to decontamination, prevent corrosion and bacteria generation effect. The new type of water filter has overcome the problems of small capacity of the traditional filter and the blockage of impurities in the filter net. Precision filter plays an important role in the development of water treatment. The water filter device of sewage filtration in our country was produced in about 1970, and when to the 1980s, the technology of the filter has been a little development, but the power control of the device, there is a certain gap with the advanced filter of foreign countries; Now, the domestic filter device can basically overcome some water treatment problems, but there is still room for further development, and strive for reasonable configuration with other accessories, to develop a more scientific and effective filter, applied to water treatment, petrochemical industry, medicine.

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